6-“Talking About Past Possibilities”

Module 5, Unit 6 – “Talking About Past Possibilities”
Base Sentences – ประโยคพื้นฐาน – (676-690)

676 What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to study?
676 คุณจะได้ทำอะไรเมื่อคืนถ้าคุณไม่ได้มีการศึกษา?
677 I would have gone on the picnic if it hadn’t rained.
677 ผมจะได้ไปบนปิกนิกถ้ามีฝนตกไม่
678 If you had gotten up earlier, you would have had time for breakfast.
678 หากคุณมีอากาศขึ้นก่อนหน้านี้คุณจะมีเวลาสำหรับอาหารเช้า
679 If I had had time, I would have called you.
679 ถ้าผมมีเวลาผมจะเรียกเธอว่า
680 Would he have seen you if you hadn’t waved to him?
680 และพระองค์จะได้เห็นคุณหากคุณไม่ได้โบกมือเรียกเขาว่าอย่างไร
681 If he had only had enough money, he would have bought that house.
681 ถ้าเขามีเงินมากพอมีเพียงเขาจะได้ซื้อบ้านนั้น
682 I wish you had called me back the next day, as I had asked you to.
682 ฉันขอให้คุณได้เรียกว่าฉันกลับในวันถัดไปที่ผมได้ถามคุณ
683 If you hadn’t slipped and fallen, you wouldn’t have broken your leg.
683 หากคุณยังไม่ลื่นล้มคุณก็จะไม่ได้หักขาของคุณ
684 If I had known you wanted to go, I would have called you.
684 ถ้าผมรู้จักคุณอยากจะไปผมจะต้องเรียกเธอว่า
685 Had I known you didn’t have a key, I wouldn’t have locked the door.
685 ถ้าผมรู้จักคุณไม่ได้มีคีย์ผมคงไม่ได้ล็อคประตู
686 She would have gone with me, but she didn’t have time.
686 เธอจะได้ไปกับฉัน แต่เธอไม่ได้มีเวลา
687 If I had asked for directions, I wouldn’t have gotten lost.
687 ถ้าผมขอเส้นทาง, ผมจะไม่มีอากาศหายไป
688 Even if we could have taken a vacation, we might not have wanted to.
688 ถึงแม้ว่าเราจะได้เอาวันหยุดเราอาจจะไม่ได้ต้องการที่จะ
689 Everything would have been all right if you hadn’t said that.
689 ทุกอย่างจะได้รับสิทธิ์ทั้งหมดถ้าคุณยังไม่ได้กล่าวว่า
690 Looking back on it, I wish we hadn’t given in so easily.
690 มองย้อนกลับไปในนั้นฉันขอให้เราไม่ได้กำหนดในได้ง่ายมาก ๆ

Verb Study – ศึกษากริยา

1. wave =
Would he have seen you it you hadn’t waved to him?
เขาจะได้เห็นคุณว่าคุณไม่ได้โบกมือให้เขา?
I waved good-bye to her at the airport. ผมโบกมือดีลาก่อนเพื่อเธอที่สนามบิน
Who is that man over there? He’s waving to us. คือคนที่นั่นว่าใคร? เขาโบกมือให้เรา
My little daughter always waves to people when they wave to her.
ลูกสาวตัวน้อยของฉันคลื่นเสมอกับคนที่เมื่อพวกเขาโบกมือให้กับเธอ
Who are you waving to? คุณกำลังโบกมือให้ใคร?
2. give in =
Looking back on it, I wish we hadn’t given in so easily.
มองย้อนกลับไปมันฉันหวังว่าเราไม่ได้ให้ในได้อย่างง่ายดาย
Why don’t you give in? ทำไมคุณไม่ให้มีอะไรบ้าง?
My son wanted to go to the party, and I finally gave in and said ‘yes’.
ลูกชายของฉันต้องการที่จะไปงานเลี้ยงและในที่สุดผมก็ให้ในและพูดว่า ‘ใช่’
Did you finally give in and tell him he could go?
(ท่านคิดลึก) ในที่สุดก็ยอมและบอกเขาว่าเขาสามารถไป?
He usually gives in and takes me out to dinner when I want to go.
เขามักจะให้ในและฉันจะใช้เวลาออกไปทานอาหารเย็นเมื่อฉันต้องการที่จะไป
3. had had, had said, had known, had had to =
If I had had time, I would have called you. ถ้าผมมีเวลาผมจะได้เรียกคุณ
Had I had time, I would have called you. ถ้าผมมีเวลาผมจะได้เรียกคุณ
Everything would have been all right if you hadn’t said that.
ทุกอย่างจะได้รับสิทธิทั้งหมดที่ถ้าคุณไม่ได้กล่าวว่า
If you had said you wanted to go, I would have waited for you.
ถ้าคุณบอกว่าคุณอยากจะไปผมจะได้รอคอยสำหรับคุณ
If I had known you wanted to go, I would have gone by your house.
ถ้าฉันได้รู้จักคุณอยากจะไปผมจะได้ไปตามบ้านของคุณ
Had she known that I was going, she would have gone with me.
มีเธอเป็นที่รู้จักกันว่าฉันกำลังจะเธอจะได้ไปกับฉัน
If you hadn’t had to study, what would you have done last night?
ถ้าคุณไม่ได้มีการศึกษาคุณจะได้ทำในสิ่งที่คืนที่ผ่านมา?
If I had had to pay for the car, I would have had to borrow money.
ถ้าผมต้องจ่ายสำหรับรถของผมจะมีการกู้เงิน
4. would have had, would have bought, would have broken =
You would have had time for breakfast if you had gotten up earlier.
คุณจะได้มีเวลาสำหรับอาหารเช้าถ้าคุณมีอากาศขึ้นก่อนหน้านี้
Wouldn’t you have had time to study if you had gotten up at 6 a.m.?
คุณจะไม่ได้มีเวลาในการศึกษาถ้าคุณมีอากาศขึ้นที่ 6:00?
He would have bought that house, if he had only had enough money.
เขาจะได้ซื้อที่บ้านถ้าเขามีเพียงมีเงินมากพอ
She wouldn’t have bought that house even if she had had enough money.
เธอจะไม่ได้ซื้อบ้านที่แม้แต่ถ้าเธอมีเงินมากพอที่
If you hadn’t fallen down, you wouldn’t have broken your leg.
ถ้าคุณไม่ได้ล้มลงคุณจะไม่ได้ขาหักของคุณ คุณจะ
Would you have broken your arm if you hadn’t slipped and fallen?
หักแขนของคุณถ้าคุณไม่ได้ลื่นล้ม?

Substitution Exercises – แบบฝึกหัดการทดแทน

1a What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to study?
1b What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to work?
1c What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to stay home?
1d What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to wash your hair?
1e What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to do your laundry?
1f What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to go to the banquet?
2a I would have gone on the picnic if it hadn’t rained.
2b I would have gone on the picnic if I had known about it.
2c I would have gone on the picnic if there had been time to get ready.
2d I would have gone on the picnic if you had told me about it earlier.
2e I would have gone on the picnic if I had realized you were going.
3a If you had gotten up earlier, you would have had time for breakfast.
3b If you had not slept so late, you would have had time for breakfast.
3c If you had set your alarm, you would have had time for breakfast.
3d If you had awakened in time, you would have had time for breakfast.
3e If you had hurried up, you would have had time for breakfast.
3f If you had gotten dressed faster, you would have had time for breakfast.
4a If I had had time, I would have called you.
4b If I had had time, I would have gone on the picnic.
4c If I had had time, I would have run some errands for you.
4d If I had had time, I would have seen all my old friends.
4e If I had had time, I would have visited all the museums.
5a Would he have seen you if you hadn’t (have) waved to him?
5b Would he have seen you if you hadn’t (have) shouted to him?
5c Would he have seen you if you hadn’t (have) introduced yourself to him?
6a If he had only had enough money, he would have bought that house.
6b If he had only had enough money, he would have made the trip.
6c If he had only had enough money, he would have paid cash for the car.
6d If he had only had enough money, he would have made a lump-sum payment.
7a I wish you had called me back the next day, as I had asked you to.
7b I wish you had stayed in bed the next day, as I had asked you to.
7c I wish you had gone on the trip the next day, as I had asked you to.
7d I wish you had finished your work the next day, as I had asked you to.
8a If you hadn’t slipped and fallen, you wouldn’t have broken your leg.
8b If you hadn’t slipped and fallen, there wouldn’t be any broken bones.
8c If you hadn’t slipped and fallen, you’d be all right now.
8d If you hadn’t slipped and fallen, you wouldn’t have sprained your ankle.
9a If I had known you wanted to go, I would have called you.
9b If I had known you wanted to go, I would have invited you.
9c If I had known you wanted to go, I would have included you.
9d If I had known you wanted to go, I would have asked you.
10a Had I known you didn’t have a key, I wouldn’t have locked the door.
10b Had I known you didn’t have time, I wouldn’t have bothered you.
10c Had I known you didn’t have any money, I wouldn’t have married you.
10d Had I known you didn’t have training, I wouldn’t have hired you.
10e Had I known you didn’t have money, I wouldn’t have sold you the car.
11a She would have gone with me, but she didn’t have time.
11b She would have gone with me, except she didn’t have time.
11c She would have gone with me, except for the fact that she didn’t have time.
11d She would have gone with me, if it hadn’t been that she didn’t have time.
12a If we had asked for directions, I wouldn’t have gotten lost.
12b If we had asked for directions, I wouldn’t have lost my way.
12c If we had asked for directions, I wouldn’t have taken the wrong road.
12d If we had asked for directions, I wouldn’t have gone the wrong way.
13a Even if we could have taken a vacation, we might not have wanted to.
13b Even if we could have gone on the picnic, we might not have wanted to.
13c Even if we could have bought a new car, we might not have wanted to.
13d Even if we could have enrolled in a class, we might not have wanted to.
13e Even if we could have attended the banquet, we might not have wanted to.
14a Everything would have been all right if you hadn’t said that.
14b Everything would have been agreeable if you hadn’t said that.
14c Everything would have been acceptable if you hadn’t said that.
14d Everything would have been settled if you hadn’t said that.
14e Everything would have been resolved if you hadn’t said that.
14f Everything would have been perfect if you hadn’t said that.
15a Looking back on it, I wish we hadn’t given in so easily.
15b Now that I think about it, I wish we hadn’t given in so easily.
15c Looking at it now, I wish we hadn’t given in so easily.
15d Come to think of it, I wish we hadn’t given in so easily.
15e Thinking it over carefully, I wish we hadn’t given in so easily.
16a I took my vacation last winter. I went to florida.
16b I wish I had taken my vacation last winter. I would have gone to florida.
17a I can go with you on the picnic. We’ll have a good time.
17b I wish I could go with you on the picnic. We would have a good time.
17c I wish I could have gone with you on the picnic. We would have had a good time.

Reading Practice – การอ่านการปฏิบัติ

The two girls sat drinking their coffee without talking. Finally, Judy asked, “What would you have done if this had happened to you?” Betty drank some more coffee before she answered. “If this had happened to me, I’d have told Steve exactly what I thought of him. I wouldn’t have been so nice to him.” ผู้หญิงสองคนนั่งดื่มกาแฟของพวกเขาโดยไม่ต้องพูด ในที่สุดจูดี้ถามว่า “จะมีอะไรที่คุณได้ทำถ้าเกิดเหตุการณ์นี้ขึ้นกับคุณ” เบ็ตตี้ดื่มกาแฟบางมากขึ้นก่อนที่เธอจะตอบ. “ถ้านี้ได้เกิดขึ้นกับผมผมได้บอกสตีฟว่าสิ่งที่ฉันคิดของเขา ผมจะไม่ได้รับดังนั้นดีกับเขา. ”

“If I’d had enough time to think about it,” Judy agreed, “I’d have given him an argument for causing me so much inconvenience.” “ถ้าผมมีเวลามากพอที่จะคิดเกี่ยวกับมัน” จูดี้ที่ตกลงกันไว้ “ผมได้ให้เขาก่อให้เกิดข้อโต้แย้งสำหรับฉันในความไม่สะดวกมาก.”

They were discussing what had happened that morning. Steve had asked Judy to go to the school dance with him on Saturday night, and she had accepted. Now, it seemed, he wouldn’t be able to go. พวกเขาคุยกันว่าเกิดอะไรขึ้นในเช้าวันนั้น สตีฟได้ขอให้จูดี้ไปโรงเรียนเต้นรำกับเขาในคืนวันเสาร์และเธอได้รับการยอมรับ ตอนนี้มันดูเหมือนว่าเขาจะไม่สามารถที่จะไป

“He should have told me sooner,” Judy said. “I might have been able to go with someone else.” I wouldn’t have had to stay home while everyone else went to the dance.” “เขาควรจะบอกผมว่าไม่ช้าก็เร็ว” จูดี้กล่าวว่า “ฉันอาจได้รับสามารถที่จะไปกับคนอื่น.” ผมจะไม่ได้มีที่จะอยู่บ้านในขณะที่คนอื่น ๆ ไปเต้นรำ. ”

“You could have gone with Charles,” Betty reminded her. “Yes, but it’s too late now,” Judy said. “You’d think that when a boy had invited you to the biggest dance of the year, he’d have realized how important it was.” “คุณอาจจะได้ไปกับชาร์ลส์” เบ็ตตี้ทำให้เธอนึกถึง “ใช่ แต่มันสายเกินไปตอนนี้” จูดี้กล่าวว่า “คุณคิดว่าเมื่อเด็กผู้ชายคนหนึ่งได้เชิญคุณไปที่การเต้นที่ยิ่งใหญ่ที่สุดของปีที่เขาจะได้ตระหนักถึงวิธีการที่สำคัญก็คือ.”

Betty agreed. “That’s right. If he hadn’t slipped and fallen, you wouldn’t have this problem. He should have broken his leg some other time.” เบ็ตตี้ตกลง “นั่นคือขวา. ถ้าเขาไม่ได้ลื่นล้มลงคุณจะไม่มีปัญหานี้. เขาควรจะได้ขาหักบางเวลาอื่น.”

Questions – คำถาม

1. Why is Judy so unhappy?
2. What’s the matter with Steve?
3. Do you think Judy should have given him an argument? y
4. What would you have done if you had been Steve?
5. Why can’t Judy go to the dance with ssomeone else?

Conversation – การสนทนา

STELLA: Don’t worry about it, Stanley. There’s nothing we can do now. STANLEY: I can’t help it, Stella. If I’d been thinking, this wouldn’t have happened. STELLA: We all make mistakes. I see no point in standing here talking about it. STANLEY: If I hadn’t gone on that trip, I wouldn’t have forgotten about it. STELLA: It’s not really your fault. I didn’t remember, either. STANLEY: There’s no excuse for it, Stella. I had known about it for several weeks. STELLA: Well, it’s too late to do anything now. STANLEY: If we had written it down on the calendar, we wouldn’t have made this mistake. STELLA: We can do that next time, but it won’t help us now. Let’s go home. STANLEY: I guess you’re right. Next time I buy tickets for the theater, I’ll be sure to look at the date. Then we’ll go on the right day instead of a day late.

Word List – รายการคำ

acceptable /ækˈsɛptəbəl/ = ยอมรับได้
agreeable /əˈgriəbəl/ = น่าพอใจ
alarm /əˈlɑrm/ = สัญญาณเตือนภัย
bone /boʊn/ = กระดูก
carefully /ˈkɛrfəli/ = รอบคอบ
cash /kæʃ/ = เงินสด
easily /ˈizəli/ = อย่างง่ายดาย
even /ˈivɪn/ = แม้
key /ki/ = สำคัญ
lump-sum /lʌmp-sʌm/ = เงินก้อน
museum /mjuˈziəm/ = พิพิธภัณฑ์
training /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/ = การอบรม

Verb Forms – แบบฟอร์มกริยา

enroll /ɛnˈroʊl/ = ลงทะเบียน
give in /gɪv ɪn/ = ยอมจำนน
hurry up /ˈhɜri ʌp/ = รีบขึ้น
introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdus/ = แนะนำ
look back (on) /lʊk bæk (ɑn)/ = ดูข้างหลัง
lose, lost /luz, lɔst/ = สูญหายสูญหาย
shout /ʃaʊt/ = เสียงร้อง
sell, sold /sɛl, soʊld/ = ขายขาย
sprain /spreɪn/ = แพลง
wave /weɪv/ = คลื่น

Expressions – นิพจน์

come to think of it
do the laundry
get lost
lose (one’s) way

Supplementary Word List – รายการคำเสริม
(Conversation and Reading Practice) การอ่านและการอ่าน

excuse
fault